AEMCA Practice Exam

Selective blockage of which enzyme is associated with nerve agents?

1. Cholinesterase

2. Acetylcholinesterase

3. Neuroleptics

4. Serotoninase

The correct answer is: Acetylcholinesterase

The association of nerve agents with selective blockage primarily concerns acetylcholinesterase. This enzyme plays a critical role in the regulation of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter involved in transmitting signals in the nervous system. When nerve agents inhibit acetylcholinesterase, the result is an accumulation of acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft, leading to continuous stimulation of the muscles, glands, and central nervous system. This heightened level of stimulation can ultimately result in severe physiological effects, including respiratory failure and potentially death. By targeting acetylcholinesterase specifically, nerve agents disrupt normal signaling processes, which underscores their effectiveness as chemical warfare agents. The identification of this enzyme in the context of nerve agents highlights its importance not just in neurotransmission, but also as a critical target for intervention during exposure to such toxins. The other options, while related to neurotransmission and pharmacology, do not have the same direct connection to the mechanisms of action of nerve agents. Cholinesterase is a broader category that includes several enzymes, while neuroleptics and serotoninase do not play a direct role in the effects produced by nerve agents.