AEMCA Practice Exam

The axial skeleton includes which of the following components?

1. Pelvic girdle

2. Lower limbs

3. Skull and rib cage

4. Upper limbs

The correct answer is: Skull and rib cage

The axial skeleton is a central framework of the body and primarily comprises the bones that form the long axis of the body. This includes the skull, vertebral column (spine), and rib cage. The skull protects the brain and houses the structures of the face. The rib cage, composed of ribs and the sternum, protects vital organs in the thoracic cavity, such as the heart and lungs. Together, these components are integral to supporting and protecting the central nervous system and vital organs, making the skull and rib cage key features of the axial skeleton. In contrast, the pelvic girdle and lower limbs are part of the appendicular skeleton, which is responsible for movement and interaction with the environment. Upper limbs also belong to the appendicular skeleton, serving a similar purpose. Thus, the only correct choice that pertains to the axial skeleton is the skull and rib cage.