AEMCA Practice Exam

What can occur due to an impairment in insulin production or action?

1. Hypertension

2. Hypoglycemia

3. Diabetes mellitus

4. Atherosclerosis

The correct answer is: Diabetes mellitus

Impairment in insulin production or action leads to diabetes mellitus, a chronic condition characterized by high blood sugar levels. This occurs because insulin is the hormone responsible for regulating glucose levels in the bloodstream. When there is not enough insulin produced (as seen in Type 1 diabetes), or when the body's cells become resistant to insulin (as seen in Type 2 diabetes), glucose remains in the bloodstream instead of being utilized by the cells for energy. Over time, this results in the hallmark symptoms and complications associated with diabetes, including increased urination, excessive thirst, and fatigue, among others. Understanding this condition is essential since it can lead to serious long-term health issues if not managed well, including cardiovascular disease, nerve damage, and issues with vision and kidney function. Therefore, recognizing diabetes as a consequence of insufficient insulin function highlights the importance of insulin in maintaining normal glucose metabolism.