AEMCA Practice Exam

What condition can result from insufficient production of cortisol?

1. Cushing's syndrome

2. Addison's disease

3. Hypothyroidism

4. Diabetes

The correct answer is: Addison's disease

The condition resulting from insufficient production of cortisol is Addison's disease. This disorder is characterized by the adrenal glands not producing enough hormones, particularly cortisol and often aldosterone. Cortisol is crucial for numerous bodily functions, including the regulation of metabolism, immune response, and stress response. When the body lacks adequate cortisol levels, individuals may experience symptoms such as fatigue, muscle weakness, weight loss, low blood pressure, and skin changes, including hyperpigmentation. Understanding this condition is essential for recognizing signs of adrenal insufficiency and managing its implications effectively. In contrast, other conditions listed do not stem from low cortisol levels; for instance, Cushing's syndrome is related to excessive cortisol production, while hypothyroidism involves insufficient thyroid hormone levels, and diabetes is primarily related to insulin and blood sugar regulation.