AEMCA Practice Exam

What effect does alcohol have on the response of ADH?

1. It enhances the effectiveness of ADH.

2. It has no effect on ADH release.

3. It slows the ADH response.

4. It inhibits the production of aldosterone.

The correct answer is: It slows the ADH response.

Alcohol has a notable impact on the function of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), which is primarily responsible for regulating water retention in the kidneys. When alcohol is consumed, it leads to a decreased release of ADH from the posterior pituitary gland. This reduction in ADH levels causes the kidneys to reabsorb less water, ultimately resulting in an increased volume of urine production. In essence, the presence of alcohol slows the ADH response by diminishing its secretion and effectiveness. This decreased response can lead to dehydration since the body is unable to retain water efficiently. The implications of this effect are important, particularly for individuals consuming alcoholic beverages and attempting to maintain proper hydration levels. Other options lack validity in this context. For instance, the assertion that alcohol enhances the effectiveness of ADH is incorrect because it fundamentally undermines the hormone's action. Similarly, stating that alcohol has no effect on ADH release is misleading, as its intoxication directly influences hormone levels. Lastly, the involvement of aldosterone—another hormone regulating sodium and water balance—is separate and not directly altered by alcohol in the same manner as ADH.