AEMCA Practice Exam

What is chronic bronchitis?

1. A sudden inflammation of the lungs

2. A disorder that causes increased mucus plugs and damage to cilia

3. A temporary condition affecting only smokers

4. A rare genetic disorder affecting lung function

The correct answer is: A disorder that causes increased mucus plugs and damage to cilia

Chronic bronchitis is characterized as a long-term inflammatory condition affecting the bronchi in the lungs, leading to significant mucus production and associated damage to the cilia, which are the tiny hair-like structures that help keep the airways clear of debris. This persistent inflammation results in a productive cough and can lead to breathing difficulties due to narrowed airways filled with mucus. The condition typically develops in individuals exposed to irritants, such as cigarette smoke, air pollution, or respiratory infections over extended periods, rather than being a sudden or temporary occurrence. Understanding the role of mucus plugs and the impact on cilia is essential, as cilia dysfunction can exacerbate the condition and increase the risk of infections. Therefore, recognizing chronic bronchitis as a disorder linked with increased mucus and ciliary damage provides insight into its chronic nature and the ongoing respiratory challenges faced by affected individuals.