AEMCA Practice Exam

What is the first action for treating open fractures?

1. Apply a tourniquet immediately

2. Clean the site with normal saline

3. Apply a pressure dressing directly

4. Splint the injury without cleaning

The correct answer is: Clean the site with normal saline

The initial action for treating open fractures involves cleaning the wound, which helps remove any debris or contaminants that could lead to infection. This step is crucial in minimizing the risk of infection since an open fracture exposes internal structures to the environment. Using normal saline is a common practice as it is isotonic and can cleanse the wound without causing additional irritation. It's important to note that while applying a tourniquet, a pressure dressing, or splinting the injury may be relevant considerations in the treatment of fractures, they are typically not the first steps in managing an open fracture. For instance, applying a tourniquet is generally reserved for severe bleeding situations and is not a primary treatment for fractures. Pressure dressings may be useful after initial cleaning or if significant bleeding occurs. Similarly, splinting is essential for stabilization but would ideally follow wound cleansing to ensure any existing contaminants are addressed first.