AEMCA Practice Exam

Which condition is a cause of chronic renal failure?

1. Infection

2. Diabetes

3. Kidney stones

4. Hernia

The correct answer is: Diabetes

Chronic renal failure, also known as chronic kidney disease, is primarily characterized by the gradual loss of kidney function over time. One of the leading causes of chronic renal failure is diabetes, particularly type 2 diabetes. High blood sugar levels can damage blood vessels in the kidneys, which reduces their ability to filter waste from the blood effectively. As a result, prolonged uncontrolled diabetes can lead to a condition known as diabetic nephropathy, a significant contributor to kidney damage. In contrast, while infection, kidney stones, and hernia can impact kidney health, they do not typically lead to chronic renal failure in the same direct way as diabetes does. Infections can cause acute kidney issues, kidney stones may lead to obstruction or acute renal failure, and a hernia doesn't primarily affect renal function. Therefore, diabetes stands out as a clear chronic condition that can result in long-term kidney damage, making it a prominent cause of chronic renal failure.