AEMCA Practice Exam

Which hormone is secreted from the adrenal cortex?

1. Insulin

2. Aldosterone

3. Glucagon

4. Adrenalin

The correct answer is: Aldosterone

Aldosterone is the correct answer because it is a key hormone produced and secreted by the adrenal cortex, which is the outer layer of the adrenal glands. Aldosterone is classified as a mineralocorticoid and plays a crucial role in regulating blood pressure and electrolyte balance by promoting sodium retention and potassium excretion in the kidneys. Understanding the functions of other hormones helps clarify why they are not the correct choice. For instance, insulin is secreted by the pancreas and is vital for glucose metabolism. Glucagon, also produced by the pancreas, works to raise blood glucose levels when they are low. Adrenalin, also known as epinephrine, is secreted by the adrenal medulla, which is the inner part of the adrenal glands, not the cortex. This distinction in hormone origin and function reinforces why aldosterone is the hormone associated with the adrenal cortex.