AEMCA Practice Exam

Which is NOT a typical sign of pericardial tamponade?

1. Weak pulse

2. Tachypnea

3. Hypertension

4. Jugular vein distension

The correct answer is: Hypertension

In the context of pericardial tamponade, hypertension is not a typical sign due to the fact that pericardial effusion can lead to increased intrapericardial pressure, which ultimately reduces venous return to the heart and results in a decrease in cardiac output. This reduced cardiac output typically manifests as hypotension rather than hypertension. Pericardial tamponade is characterized by signs associated with decreased stroke volume and impaired heart filling. A weak pulse, tachypnea, and jugular vein distension are consistent with the pathophysiological effects of this condition. A weak pulse indicates reduced blood pressure and cardiac output, while tachypnea may occur as the body attempts to compensate for decreased oxygen delivery. Jugular vein distension happens due to increased central venous pressure as the heart struggles to expand properly in the presence of fluid accumulation in the pericardial space. Thus, hypertension stands out as an atypical sign in pericardial tamponade scenarios.