AEMCA Practice Exam

Which of the following are examples of common nerve agents?

1. Chlorine, ammonia, and bleach

2. Sarin, tabun, and soman

3. Mustard gas, lewesite, and phosgene

4. Cyanide, carbon monoxide, and sulfur dioxide

The correct answer is: Sarin, tabun, and soman

The selection of Sarin, tabun, and soman as examples of common nerve agents is highly accurate. These substances are classified within the category of organophosphorus compounds, which are known for their potent effects on the nervous system. Nerve agents work by inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, leading to a buildup of acetylcholine at synapses; this results in uncontrollable muscle contractions, respiratory failure, and potentially death. Sarin, for example, is a highly toxic compound that can be absorbed through skin or inhaled, leading to rapid and severe physiological effects. Tabun and soman share similar mechanisms of action and are similarly lethal at low doses. In contrast, the other choices consist of substances that do not fit the classification of nerve agents. Chlorine, ammonia, and bleach are common chemicals but do not function as nerve agents; instead, they may cause respiratory distress or chemical burns. Mustard gas, lewisite, and phosgene are categorized as chemical warfare agents but are primarily classified as blister agents and choking agents, not nerve agents. Lastly, cyanide and carbon monoxide are toxic gases known for their metabolic poisoning effects, while sulfur dioxide is considered a respiratory irritant. None of these fit