AEMCA Practice Exam

Which of the following describes the function of Angiotensin 2?

1. It promotes sodium excretion in the kidneys.

2. It causes vasodilation and decreases blood pressure.

3. It stimulates the release of aldosterone and ADH.

4. It increases potassium reabsorption in the kidneys.

The correct answer is: It stimulates the release of aldosterone and ADH.

Angiotensin II plays a crucial role in the body's regulation of blood pressure and fluid balance. Its primary function involves stimulating the adrenal cortex to release aldosterone, which promotes sodium reabsorption in the kidneys, ultimately leading to increased water retention. This action raises blood volume and blood pressure. Additionally, Angiotensin II stimulates the release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), also known as vasopressin, from the posterior pituitary gland, which further encourages the kidneys to reabsorb more water. Together, these mechanisms contribute to the elevation of blood pressure and the maintenance of proper fluid balance in the body. The other options do not accurately depict the primary functions of Angiotensin II. For instance, promoting sodium excretion would counteract the effects of Angiotensin II as it is involved in retaining sodium. Vasodilation typically lowers blood pressure, which is contrary to the effects of Angiotensin II that generally leads to vasoconstriction instead. Lastly, increasing potassium reabsorption is not a direct role of Angiotensin II; in fact, increased aldosterone can lead to potassium excretion rather than reabsorption in the kidneys.